Overview
Behind everything, we do on the computer and on their cell phones stands the code. The code is a specific dictionary of terms and instructions that ultimately leads to what we see users on their computers, such as a website, to a mobile game. There is a multitude of programming languages, but each one is unique. Each of them has a unique set of keywords and specific syntax.
How it all started
1883 Charles Babbage worked on the Analytical Machine while Ada Lovelace wrote an analytical engine algorithm that was the first of its kind. Adi is attributed to the creation of the first computer programming language using Bernoulli’s numbers.
There are five generations of programming languages:
First generation languages:
-These languages are of a low degree as a machine language.
Second Generation Languages:
-These are low-level batch languages used on a hard disk drive.
Third Generation Languages:
-These are high-level languages such as C, C ++, Java, Visual Basic, and JavaScript.
Fourth Generation Languages:
-These are languages that consist of expressions similar to statements in human language. These are mostly used in database programming and scripting. An example of these languages includes Perl, Python, Ruby, SQL.
Languages of Fifth Generation:
-These are programming languages that have visual tools to develop programs. Examples of fifth generation languages include Mercury, OPS5, and Prolog.
Significant programming languages through history
1972.
C – Developed by Dennis Ritchie. Many consider that the first language is at a higher level. It was created so that the operating system called Unix can be used on different types of computers. has influenced many other languages, including Ruby, C #, Go, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, and Python.
Example:
#include
void main ()
{
int i, number1, uk=0;
for (i=1; i<=5; i++)
{
printf (“
Load %d. whole number: “, i);
scanf (“%d”, &number1);
uk=uk+number1;
}
printf (“
The arithmetic environment is %.2f”, uk/5.0);
return;
}
C ++ – It is the extension of C language and developed by Bjarne Stroustrup. It is used in servers and applications of great performers such as the Adobe package and Firefox and video games.
Example:
/*
This is the program where the biggest common shareholder is sought between two numbers
*/
#include
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
int a, b, t;
printf(“Enter the first number: “);
scanf(“%d”, &a);
printf(“Enter another number “);
scanf(“%d”, &b);
while (a>0)
{
if (a<b)
{
t = a;
a = b;
b = t;
}
a -= b;
}
printf(“The greatest common shareholder is %d.
”, b);
system(“pause”);
return 0;
}
In 1991.
Python – Python’s design philosophy focuses on legibility and requires fewer lines of code, and has a dynamic system and automatic memory management. He was named after the British comedy group Monty Python.
Example:
>>> a = int(input(“Enter a number: “)) Enter a number: 61 >>> a 61
In 1993.
Ruby – Publicly Released in 1995. Its creator, Yukihiro “Matz” Matsumoto, united parts of his favorite language (Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ad, and Lisp) to form a new language.
The code runs slower but allows computer programmers to quickly connect and run programs.
Ruby is simple in appearance, but is very complex inside, just like our human body.
Example:
puts “Hello World!”
In 1995.
Java – Originally named Oak, developed by Sun Microsystems. It is intended for cable boxes and handheld devices but later enhanced to be used to deliver information on the World Wide Web. Today, Java not only penetrates the Internet but also the invisible force behind many applications and devices that drive our everyday lives. From mobile phones to handheld devices, games and navigation systems to e-business solutions, Java is everywhere!
Example:
/**
* HelloWorldApp class implements an application that
* prints "Hello World!" to the standard output.
*/
public class HelloWorldApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Print "Hello World!"
System.out.println(“Hello World!”);
}
}
In 1995.
PHP – Before “Personal Home Page Tools”, today “Hypertext Preprocessor”. Created by Rasmus Lerdorf. It used to be a personal home page because Lerdorf used it to manage its own Internet information. It is currently widely used to create websites and blogs. WordPress, a popular web site maker, is written using PHP. PHP is designed precisely to facilitate the writing of dynamic web pages. If we want to make dynamic web sites fast and with minimal effort – we use PHP!
Example:
<?php
echo “Hello World!”;
?>
In 1995.
JavaScript – Created by Brenda Eich in just 10 days, this language is mostly used to improve many web browser interactions. Almost all major websites use Javascript. JavaScript can set the dynamic text to HTML page – JavaScript statements like this:
document.write (“<h1>” + name + “</h1>”)
2014.
Swift – Developed by Apple as a replacement for C, C ++ and Objective-C, Swift should be easier to use and allow less space for errors while providing the developer with the necessary control in the proper programming language of the system.
Example:
// Declare our new class
class Person {
// We can define class property here
var age = 25
// Implement Class initializer. Initializers are called when a new object of this class is
created init() {
print(“A new instance of this class Person is created.”)
}
}
// We can now create an instance of class Person – an object – by putting parentheses after
the class name
let personObj = Person()
// Once an instance of Person class is created we can access its properties using the
dot “.” syntax.
print(“This person age is (personObj.age)”)
